In the wake of April 22, 2025, t*rrorist att@ck in Pahalgam, Jammu and Kashmir, which claimed the lives of 26 civilians, India launched “Operation Sindoor” on May 7, targeting t*rrorist infrastructure in Pakistan and Pakistan-occupied Kashmir. This military response was met not only with conventional retaliation but also with a sophisticated disinformation campaign orchestrated by Pakistan and supported by allies including China, Turkey and Bangladesh.
The disinformation offensive encompassed a range of tactics, from the dissemination of fake news and doctored videos to the use of deepfakes and recycled footage from unrelated conflicts, often referred to as “war p*rn”. These efforts aimed to distort the narrative surrounding the conflict, undermine India’s international standing and sow discord within its diverse society.
Pakistan’s Inter-Services Public Relations (ISPR) played a central role in this information warfare, utilizing a network of trained individuals to propagate anti-India narratives across platforms like Twitter, WhatsApp, YouTube and Facebook. Themes such as alleged human rights violations in Kashmir and the portrayal of India as a fascist state were amplified to erode India’s global image.
China’s involvement included the use of state-run media outlets like Xinhua News Agency and Global Times to disseminate content critical of India’s actions. Similarly, Turkey’s public broadcaster, TRT World, contributed to the narrative, leading to the Indian government’s decision to block these outlets’ Twitter accounts under national security provisions.
In Bangladesh, several YouTube channels, including Jamuna TV and Ekattor TV, were restricted by India for allegedly spreading misinformation related to the conflict. This move sparked diplomatic tensions, with the Bangladeshi government protesting the restrictions.
The disinformation campaign also targeted India’s internal affairs, with fabricated content aiming to incite communal tensions and undermine public trust in the government. For instance, a fake notice purportedly from the University Grants Commission claimed that all university exams were canceled due to a “war-like situation”, prompting the UGC to issue a clarification debunking the misinformation.
Amidst this digital onslaught, voices emerged to counter the spread of false narratives. Notably, Samyukta Shrivatsa, a PhD candidate at Stanford University, penned an op-ed that gained significant traction for its methodical dismantling of various falsehoods circulating in the aftermath of the Pahalgam att@ck and Operation Sindoor. Her piece emphasized the importance of critical thinking and responsible consumption of news during times of crisis.
For more information on this matter, you can take a look at this Twitter account as it has exposed the lies of Pakistan in a superb manner:
“The India-Pakistan conflict may have ended militarily. But during & after the fighting, a blitz of info warfare raged online. It’s time to understand how this info war took over the internet, with certain countries siding with Pakistan to peddle their full-blown propaganda”
https://x.com/DisinfoLab/status/1922533547979465029
“From fake news to doctored videos to deepfakes & recycled war porn, the India-Pakistan conflict exposed the scale of global propaganda—from China to Turkey to Bangladesh—as Pakistan & its allies launched a full-blown disinfo blitz against India in view of #OperationSindoor”
https://x.com/DisinfoLab/status/1922533552014381106
“Post Pahalgam terror attack, Pakistan started leveraging its access to Western media like its next-door neighbour to push its anti-India propaganda. Pak journalists at CNN, Reuters, Bloomberg, NYT, began publishing anti-India narratives with baseless claims & no evidence.”
https://x.com/DisinfoLab/status/1922533554916852017
“Pakistan
Exhibit A:
On May 8, DGISPR peddled their first official blatant lie that they didn’t attack civilian areas in Amritsar and accused India of ‘false flag’. Just the next day they forgot about it and instead thumped their chest celebrating Pak’s attack in Amritsar!”
https://x.com/DisinfoLab/status/1922533558620762162
“Exhibit B:
DGISPR officially ran this propaganda when they played a doctored clip of Wing Commander Vyomika Singh ‘admitting’ to Pakistan’s attack, & damage only on military targets in India.
FACT: DGISPR conveniently cut out the part from the video mentioning how Pakistan attacked civilian areas to suit their propaganda that they don’t attack civilians!”
https://x.com/DisinfoLab/status/1922533563230024080
“Exhibit C:
On May 1, 2025, Pakistan’s ISPR ran a disinfo campaign by circulating ‘classified RAW documents’ (exposed as fake!) to target India. It was a joint psy-op b/w Pakistan Strategic Forum (PSF) & terror group The Resistance Front (TRF).”
https://x.com/DisinfoLab/status/1922533566551883870
“Exhibit D:
While Pakistan ran a cocktail of disinformation & misinformation, it was the DGISPR that ended up officiating the fake propaganda. On May 11, DGISPR used a 2-year-old image from 2023 to falsely show their “current” Navy preparedness against India.”
https://x.com/DisinfoLab/status/1922533571606048833
“Exhibit E:
DGISPR manipulated an Aaj Tak news clip to claim an Indian airfield was destroyed. The original footage actually showed Pakistan’s airfield being hit by Indian forces. They simply edited it to flip the narrative, as confirmed by Indian fact-checkers.”
https://x.com/DisinfoLab/status/1922533575187923379
“Exhibit F:
In another blatant fabrication, DGISPR showed an edited India TV News clip, falsely suggesting Indian media had admitted to the destruction of their own airbases. Classic manipulation technique: take a real source and completely twist the context.”
https://x.com/DisinfoLab/status/1922533578639818885
“Exhibit G:
The Pakistani government’s official handle shared a VIDEO GAME clip claiming it showed them shooting down Indian aircraft! The footage was actually from a PC game showing a Close-In Weapon System engaging a target. Information Minister Tarar praised this “nerve-wracking response.”
https://x.com/DisinfoLab/status/1922533581894631592
“Exhibit H:
Pakistan circulated a FAKE CNN graphic showing casualty stats that were never reported by CNN. Meanwhile, DGISPR claimed attacks on 26 Indian military facilities without providing any satellite imagery or evidence. Indian sources only confirmed 5 affected bases.”
https://x.com/DisinfoLab/status/1922533585317200352
“Exhibit I:
Pakistani social media fabricated the capture of Wing Commander Shivangi Singh, spreading fake images across platforms. Even Al Jazeera initially reported this false story before issuing a correction. DGISPR later admitted they had NOT captured any Indian pilot. The only fakery confessed by DGISPR.”
https://x.com/DisinfoLab/status/1922533590216097969
“Exhibit J:
General Ahmed Sharif Chaudhry falsely claimed India requested a ceasefire and raised white flags at two military posts. The “proof” video was actually from 2019, showing Pakistani soldiers retrieving bodies.”
https://x.com/DisinfoLab/status/1922533594091622884
“Exhibit K:
DGISPR recycled old footage of sectarian clashes in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa from early 2024, debunked by @PIBFactCheck, and presented it as “evidence” of their attack on Srinagar Airbase. This deliberate mis-attribution shows the extent of their disinformation campaign.”
https://x.com/DisinfoLab/status/1922533597677834408
“Exhibit L:
Pakistan claimed to have shot down 5 Indian fighter jets, sharing unverified/ doctored images as “proof.” These were actually photos from a 2024 MiG-29 crash in Rajasthan and a 2014 Su-30MKI crash in Maharashtra. India’s Air Marshal confirmed all Operation Sindoor pilots returned safely.”
https://x.com/DisinfoLab/status/1922533601087721528
The events surrounding Operation Sindoor underscore the evolving nature of modern conflicts, where information warfare plays a pivotal role alongside traditional military engagements. As nations grapple with the challenges posed by digital misinformation, the importance of media literacy and robust counter-disinformation strategies becomes increasingly evident.
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